The very concept of communication has several definitions, which is associated with different views of scientists and specialists on this problem. Each of the specialists in this field offers their own vision and interpretation. We will simply try to reduce everything to a common denominator.
According to the brief psychological dictionary, the concept of communication is a complex multifaceted process aimed at establishing and developing contacts and connections, including the exchange of information, interaction, perception and understanding of the interlocutor.
The meaning of the word "communication" can change. As mentioned above, this is due to different points of view characteristic of different scientists and different times. However, in general, the essence of communication remains unchanged - it is the exchange of information using various means of communication.
Characteristic properties and features of communication
The concept of interpersonal communication has three characteristics: content, functions and means. The content includes the transfer of information, understanding and perception, interaction between interlocutors, influence on each other, mutual assessment and mutual management of activities. The main functions of communication follow from the content, which are divided into communicative, informational, cognitive, emotive, conversational and creative. If at least one function of communication is absent or impaired, it suffers.
Communication structure
The communication structure includes:
- the content itself, that is, the information that people convey (knowledge, abilities, experience, skills);
- goal, that is, the needs that determined the beginning of contact (cognitive, social, cultural, creative, aesthetic, moral and others);
- means of information transmission (coding, processing, decoding, transmission on a medium, speech).
We send information not only through oral and written speech (including drawings, drawings), but also through tactile contacts (handshake, kiss, hug), sensations (observing a person’s movements or speech from a distance, including sounds, for example, breaths), technical means of communication.
The nature of communication and the need for it
A sociable person boldly steps towards new things - new knowledge, new information, new people. Open and inquisitive individuals, without noticing it themselves, provide themselves with a lot of interesting meetings, events, acquaintances, new goals, but the essence of communication, like communication itself, lies not only in this. For every person, the opportunity to communicate with others like themselves is the key to constant replenishment of life’s baggage, intellectual and psychological development. This also reveals the main goals of communication. A feature bestowed by nature helped man survive and establish himself among other, stronger species.
Do you think you would have discovered a passion for the exact sciences or music if you had not gone to school and attended these subjects, no matter how boring they may seem to you initially? No, because communication plays an extremely important role, and a teacher, teaching us a subject during school years, talking with us, students, not only reveals certain abilities, but also helps to develop them, while simultaneously instilling the basic rules of communication.
Rowling's "Bad Blood" became the most popular New Year's book
Published: January 20, 2021
At the same time, during the holidays, Russians more actively read and listened to books on self-development, psychology, personal growth and effectiveness.
The new exciting detective story “Bad Blood” by the British writer JK Rowling, writing under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith, became the most popular e-book of the past New Year holidays among Russians. The rating of the most read books was compiled by the liters service.
The leaders are also Mike Ohmer's bestseller "Inside the Killer", Daniel Kahneman's motivational book "Think Slowly... Decide Fast", a universal guide to overcoming existential crises "Expand Your Consciousness Legally" by Vladislav Gaidukevich and Fredrik Backman's new hit "Anxious People".
Personality formation
At the stage of a person’s development as an individual, that is, from school years, communication with parents plays a particularly important role. Ideally, you should try to talk with them as much and as often as possible, share news and current events. It is extremely important when talking with parents not to deceive them, to be frank, sincere and honest. These are the goals of communication and their basic rules at this stage.
What seems incomprehensible to schoolchildren, for example, a parental ban, in most cases turns out to be the right decision. Just imagine if in our teenage years we were allowed absolutely everything. Probably, troubles would have followed us at every step, and we, being still children, would have had no idea how to get out of them.
The period of adolescence is especially important in the development of a person and his communication skills, in parallel with which the psyche develops. A person learns the essence of communication while he is growing up, studying at school, university. During this time, life’s baggage is replenished not only with scientific knowledge, but also with ordinary life skills, experience, both other people’s and one’s own. At this stage, for the most part, you have to be in contact with peers, but this incredibly helps the formation of personality. True, if only you adhere to the basic rules of human communication.
Why communication is important for humans
Special psychology - what is it?
Communication is the key to the success and survival of humanity as a species. At the dawn of civilization, people survived only by joining forces. Joint work activity, an element of which is communication, contributed to the deepening and expansion of higher nervous activity.
Without communication, humanity would stop developing
If physiological features are inherited on the basis of genetic information, then the transmission of intellectual and cultural achievements occurs only through communication between the adult generation and children.
Important! In the process of communication, the development and formation of personality occurs, social norms and spiritual values are laid.
Some people feel a low need for communication and consider themselves individualists, loners, and not in need of any social contacts. However, this is nothing more than an illusion. Without communication with others, their individuality would not appear, personality and even intellect would not be formed.
How did it all begin?
Have you ever thought about why a person needs communication? Try to imagine that during evolution the speech apparatus would not have begun to develop, and people themselves would not have shown any desire to somehow contact each other. What do you think, if a person had no desire to communicate and obtain new information, and therefore all the functions of communication would have been absent, there would have been evolution in the form in which we see it now and have seen it since humanity became interested in development all living things? Would we even have the slightest idea of what evolution is? The answer is clear: none of this would have happened. Communication played a role; in fact, it is the basis for the survival of all complex species, which is developed in many living organisms. And even if they present it not in the form to which we are accustomed, nevertheless...
Communication is the key to the development of civilization, the indestructible foundation of society. However, it is worth understanding that this does not only mean the sounds that we are able to reproduce with our speech apparatus. Deaf and mute people also “talk” to each other, although they use gestures rather than words to do this.
Communication in any of its forms is the exchange of information, the only possible option for transferring new knowledge, skills, experience to other people, because this is the only way to help each other, to help the human species survive and develop further, but this is not the only function of communication.
What types of communication are there?
Social environment - what is it in psychology
In psychology, there are many classifications of communication. The following is a brief summary of its main types.
Verbal and non-verbal
Some people believe that human communication is just the transfer of information through speech (language). This is a much broader concept.
There is a side of communication in which the exchange of information between participants occurs without the help of the speech apparatus and linguistic means - this is non-verbal communication. The human body becomes the instrument here: facial expressions, postures, gestures.
It would be a misconception to think that only deaf and dumb people deal with the nonverbal side of communication. The average person obtains most of the information about the participants in a conversation by reading their body signals. For example, everyone easily “feels” when the interlocutor is losing interest in the subject of conversation: the poverty of facial expressions and gestures, the dull look give him away. The ability to understand such wordless language helps to provide feedback: to learn where you need to change your behavior in order to achieve the desired result.
Direct, mediated, indirect
Problems arise when the participants in a conversation are separated from each other by distance or time. For example, when people talk on the phone or correspond. With such communication, full psychological contact does not occur. This type of communication is called mediated.
Sometimes mediated communication leads to misunderstandings
There is also such an interesting type of communication as indirect. It is characterized by the inclusion of an additional participant in the process as an intermediary through whom information is transferred. Why is communication in an indirect form necessary? For example, to conduct negotiations between conflicting parties.
Interpersonal and mass
Mass communication refers to multiple contacts of strangers. Direct mass communication can be observed at rallies, meetings, and demonstrations. Mediated mass communication is one-way in nature and is associated with mass culture and the media. Thanks to mass communication, individuals maintain relationships with the wider social environment.
Interpersonal communication is associated with direct contacts of people in groups or pairs. It implies the psychological closeness of partners generated by the experience of joint activity: knowledge of each other’s individual characteristics, the presence of mutual understanding and empathy.
Role and personal
Role-based communication is the interaction of people as bearers of certain social roles (father and son, teacher and student, boss and subordinate, lovers). Why does a person need to communicate using “masks”?
Role communication is regulated by the rules accepted in society and the specifics of treatment. These norms help simplify the process of interaction between people in standard situations and facilitate the fulfillment of the tasks of each participant in joint activities.
The better the role is understood, the higher the effect of his role interaction. Mastery of a social role allows you to make maximum use of the qualities of your individuality in communication, thereby bringing communication closer to informal. Thus, often official business conversations between competitors take place in the form of a friendly conversation.
Personal communication is the interaction of individuals not determined by social roles. Sometimes a person tries to justify his reluctance to communicate with the negative emotions that the interlocutor allegedly evokes in him. Such people simply do not understand why communication on a personal level is necessary.
The other is a mirror
This type of intimacy makes it possible to identify and resolve, first of all, one’s moral and psychological problems. When a person stops blaming his communication partners for his emotional reactions and begins to see in them a reflection of his own fears and desires, the nature of his own soul becomes clear to him.
What role does communication play in human life?
The question of why a person needs communication is answered by the history of primitive society. Human speech is the “first child” of communication, which among primitive people occurred through gestures. It was then that the first rules of communication were formed, general concepts and the designation of objects were born, and then writing was formed. This is how society and society as a whole were born, and rules of interpersonal communication were established that are still in effect today.
The normal, full formation of the psyche, as well as its further development, cannot be imagined without communication. Consequently, the role of communication in human life is extremely high. This is the only way to exchange information, perceive and understand the world around us. Communication is what distinguishes the human species from other species living on Earth.
It is impossible to underestimate the role of communication in a person’s professional activity. This is a specific type of interpersonal interaction, since professional activities have their own rules of communication, limited by generally accepted rules of behavior and interpersonal relationships within one organization (company). This is also called corporate ethics.
Tolkien's previously unpublished books are being published in Russian for the first time
Published: January 20, 2021
J. R. R. Tolkien’s works “The Lost Road” and “The Death of Gondolin”, previously unpublished in Russian, are being published in Russia for the first time, the press service of the AST publishing house told RIA Novosti.
The Lost Way is part of the 12-volume History of Middle-earth series. The author began working on the book in the second half of the 20s. The novel tells the story of two time travelers who are trying to get to the ancient elven land of Numenor. The book is scheduled for release in February.
The Fall of Gondolin is Tolkien's first work about Middle-earth, written in 1917 in the hospital where he was recovering from an illness. The book was inspired by the bloody Battle of the Somme. The author tells of the fall of the Elven fortress of Gondolin, taken by the forces of Morgoth in the First Age, many thousands of years before the events of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings. The book comes out in May.
Why does a person need communication?
It doesn’t matter whether you are a sociable person or a withdrawn introvert who is used to being alone, everyone needs communication. The social need to talk with others like oneself is a natural need, and without its satisfaction it is impossible to feel complete.
Communication plays a vital role in human life. The difference may lie only in its quantity and frequency. So, for someone it will be enough to go somewhere with friends once or twice a week and talk with them in order to cheer up and improve their well-being, and for the rest of the days such a person may well be alone. But for some, communication plays a more important role - such a person cannot spend even 20 minutes alone with himself, begins to suffer from boredom and experiences an irresistible desire to contact someone. By the way, such a desire is more aimed at the process itself, and not at its final result.
What creates the desire to communicate?
People are eager to communicate, you can call it a banal desire, but a more correct term is a need.
So, with a high probability we can say that in children communication is an innate need. It is formed under the influence of the activity exhibited by adults present nearby, and often occurs around two months.
But teenagers are convinced that they experience an irresistible desire to communicate. They are also convinced that they can do this as much as they see fit. This is why most teenagers protest against adults' attempts to control their need to spend time with friends, and therefore to have friendly conversations. At this stage, we should not forget about the basic functions of communication, which play a role in the formulation of communication skills.
In adults, the need for communication is also quite strong. Many men and women, having less contact with someone than they themselves want, begin to plunge into negativity.
Lack of interpersonal contacts and its consequences
The degree to which a person needs to contact and interact with his own kind determines his life as a whole and his location (place) in society. This could be family, work team, friends, school, university group. A person deprived of the opportunity to talk and contact with other people, and therefore unable to perform all the functions of communication, will never be able to become a social person, join society and develop culturally. It will only resemble a person in appearance.
“Mowgli children”, deprived of the opportunity to contact and interact with representatives of their species immediately after birth or in early childhood, prove this fact, and therefore how important the role of communication is in human life. Being isolated from human speech, they naturally have no idea what it’s like to talk to someone. The body of such individuals develops naturally, but the development of the psyche is delayed, or even does not occur at all. The main reason for this lies in the lack of communicative experience with other people, and therefore in the absence of all communication functions. Actually, such cases, like nothing else, prove how important it is for a person to contact and talk with other people.
The versatility of communication for purposes
For what and why a person, like any other living being, exhibits this kind of activity such as communication and the need for it - these are the main goals of communication. Thus, animals communicate to encourage their own kind to take certain actions or to warn them to refrain from any action. This process is subject exclusively to animal instincts, which, in fact, are guided by representatives of the fauna.
But the goals of human communication are much greater - in addition to satisfying the natural biological needs characteristic of animals, the satisfaction of cultural, social, creative, cognitive, aesthetic, intellectual, moral and other needs is also added to human interaction. Why does a person need communication? To satisfy all these needs. Speech interaction between people can safely be called multi-purpose, and the goals to which it is aimed provide more than an extensive answer to the question, why does a person need communication and what is it?
Styles and classification
Based on some features, communication in a person’s life can be divided into direct (immediate) and indirect (mediated). In the first case, communication between the interlocutors occurs directly; they communicate with each other using appropriate facial expressions, gestures, intonation and tone.
In the second case, information between interlocutors is not transmitted directly, but indirectly (letters, documentation, media, etc.). It is worth noting that direct communication has better effectiveness and impact on the interlocutor than indirect communication. However, the first type can be more subject to emotions, since such communication in the life of every person occurs in real time, and the second - to common sense, since there is time to comprehend the situation and analyze it.
There are also formal and informal types of communication, from which it follows that relationships between people are business and personal. Consequently, the rules of communication for each of the two types will be different. In the first case, sympathy or antipathy is expressed towards each other, respect or lack thereof, trust or distrust. But business communication is the relationship that develops between people who are members of certain social groups and organizations. It is based on the rights and obligations existing in a particular group (organization). Consequently, the role of communication in a person’s professional activity and its role in everyday life are significantly different. If in the first case a person is limited by certain frameworks and rules dictated by the organization (company), then in the second he is limited only by his own opinion, desires and character traits. What may be common here is perhaps the role of education, but not the role of communication in general.
The place and role of communication in human life
Communication is a central basic category and problem of psychological science and is considered by it comprehensively: as a need and condition of human life, as interaction and mutual influence, as a kind of exchange of relationships and empathy, as mutual cognition and activity. Communication can be defined as the broadest category to refer to all types of communicative, informational and other contacts of people, including simple forms of interaction such as presence.
The moral and psychological properties of people, characterizing them as subjects of communication, are already noted in the sayings of the ancient Chinese thinker Confucius and the ancient Greek philosophers Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and others, as well as in the statements of thinkers of subsequent historical eras.
Thus, Confucius (551-479 BC) drew attention to such moral qualities of a person that make him pleasant and useful in communication, such as a sense of duty towards other people, respect for them, especially those older in age, fulfillment of those established in society norms and rules of behavior
, which helps maintain order and harmony in society.
The ancient Greek philosopher Socrates (469-339 BC) substantiated the doctrine of moral standards and the moral consciousness of people as the main factor in their communication with each other.
Socrates' student Plato (427-347 BC) believed that communication between people should be built on the basis of such virtues as justice, prudence, piety, and adherence to moral standards. He paid attention to the ways of conducting a conversation, reflected many of the subtleties of the dialogues of different interlocutors, and showed the dependence of the direction of people’s thinking on the nature and content of communication.
Many ideas of thinkers of past eras are directly related to the problem of interpersonal communication between people, including business communication. Thus, one of the fundamental provisions of the theory of interpersonal communication indicates that various kinds of mental states of people are largely determined by the content of moral consciousness and, as it were, contain it within themselves. Therefore, the study of the psychology of business communication involves understanding from the perspective of today the theoretical heritage from the field of psychology, which can contribute to a deeper understanding of the problems related to it.
The studies of mass psychology by G. Le Bon (1841-1931) provide a lot for the psychology of interpersonal communication. Living in society, a person is faced with the influence of the “crowd” and finds himself participating in mass meetings. All this has a psychological impact on him, including as a subject of activity and communication with other people.
Kurt Lewin (1890-1947) created “field theory,” which, in his opinion, should explain the relevant moments in the relationship between a person and the environment in which his life activity takes place, as well as in the relationship of people with each other. K. Levin's merits include in-depth experimental research into the motivational side of people's behavior, the study of such problems as team leadership styles, types of conflicts, ways to resolve them, etc.
The psychoanalysis of S. Freud (1856-1939) and his followers had a significant influence on research in the field of personality psychology, behavior and interpersonal communication. Freud came to the conclusion that human behavior is influenced not only by his rational thinking, but also by irrational manifestations of the psyche. We are talking about various kinds of psychological impulses and drives aimed at satisfying human instincts. A person’s drives, under the influence of moral, religious and other restrictions and prohibitions, are repressed into the area of the unconscious. However, they “make themselves felt” and continue to act without the person’s knowledge. Hence the problem of “unconscious motives” that influence people’s behavior in a certain way. Analysis of these impulses and the problem of the unconscious in general opens up a lot for understanding people’s behavior, their interpersonal relationships and communication with each other.
Followers of Z. Freud, primarily A. Adler, K. Jung, K. Horney, E. Fromm, W. Reich, and some others, substantiated the influence of not only psychophysiological, but also social factors on the formation and behavior of a person. Thus, A. Adler (1870-1937) studied the unconscious desire for power as the main motivation of people, manifested in their interpersonal relationships, family, social associations, etc. K. Jung (1875-1961) developed the concept of the “collective unconscious”, affecting the relations of social groups.
Symbolic interactionism (T. Mead, A. Rose, T. Shibutani, etc.) takes the corresponding symbols or “meaningful actions” as the initial acts of communication between people, which can be verbal and non-verbal means of communication (communication), including including facial expressions, visual contacts, voice intonation, gestures, other movements and actions. T. Sorbin, R. Linton, E. Goffman and others reduce interpersonal communication between people to the implementation of their social roles. This, in their opinion, determines the content and direction of communication between social subjects.
Domestic psychologists consider the category of communication within the framework of the activity approach and cultural-historical theory. S.L. Rubinstein (1889-1960) analyzed the role of people's activities and communication in the functioning of their psyche. The human psyche develops only in the process of interaction with society, in the process of his mental activity for the spiritual development of reality, the transfer of external objective activity into an internal, ideal plane (interiorization).
A major role in the study of these problems belongs to L.S. Vygotsky (1896-1934). He developed a cultural-historical theory of the development of the psyche and believed that the functioning and development of the human psyche reflects two main plans of his activity and behavior: natural, associated with the satisfaction of his biological needs, and cultural, associated with various forms of his social activity and behavior.
Ideas S.L. Rubinstein and L.S. Vygotsky received their creative development in the works of A.N. Leontyeva, G.M. Andreeva, A.R. Luria, B.G. Ananyeva et al., where we are talking about understanding the images that arise in the process of people’s perception of each other; their mental actions, during which the transformation of external actions into internal ones occurs; motivation, expressed in the motives of people, giving their actions “directionality, selectivity and impetuosity”, etc. all this is directly related to the psychology of business communication, just like the concept of V.N. Myasishchev about “mental” or “psychological” relationships between people.
Psychological relationships as a system of conscious selective connections of the individual with objects of the external world flow “from the entire history of human development,” express his personal experience and internally determine actions and experiences. The motives of people’s activities, their will, needs, interests, goals, etc. are characterized as elements of psychological relationships.
For Russian psychology, the category of “communication” is traditional. In foreign psychology, two complementary categories are used - communication and interaction.
Communication is the process of transmitting information, carried out with the help of signs, speech, symbols, which requires people to understand each other.
Interaction is a specially organized process that occurs in accordance with certain rules and norms (the simplest example is a handshake).
Analyzing communication as interaction presents significant difficulties. In general, the separation of the three sides of communication - perception, communication and interaction is possible only as a method of analysis: with all the effort, it is impossible to distinguish “pure” communication, without perception and interaction, or “pure” perception.
Communication is a form of activity carried out between people as equal partners and leading to the emergence of psychological contact, manifested in the exchange of information, mutual influence, mutual experience and mutual understanding. Psychological contact ensures empathy and mutual exchange of emotions in communication.
If there was no communication, we would not become who we are. Personality development occurs only in communication with other people. If from birth a person was deprived of the opportunity to communicate with people, he would not become a civilized, culturally and morally developed person; he would be doomed to remain half-animal until the end of his life, only externally, anatomically and physiologically reminiscent of a person. This is evidenced by numerous facts described in the literature, “Mowgli children” who grew up among animals only looked like humans in appearance, they did not have developed upright posture, subtle manipulations of the hand, there was no human facial expression, and there was a general underdevelopment of mental processes and speech.
Communication serves to establish community between people, regulates their joint activities, is an instrument of cognition and the basis of consciousness for an individual; finally, communication serves the self-determination of the individual. To paraphrase a famous expression, we can say: “Tell me who you communicate with, and I will tell you who you are.” Each of us acquires our main traits through personal experience of communication, through direct contacts in the family, institute, and on the street. This is the so-called microenvironment . Thanks to communication in the microenvironment and the contacts that occur here, each of us learns about the social world more broadly and communicates with it, i.e. is influenced by the macroenvironment. Macroenvironment is a society with its own science, culture, ideology, laws, social norms, etc. The meeting place of the micro- and macroenvironment, the edge on which they interact, is the small group where the life of each of us takes place.
It is in small groups (family, group, on the street), in his microenvironment, that a person assimilates specific manifestations of the macroenvironment: the experience and knowledge of previous and current generations. A person interacts with society not directly, but through his social circle. We can say that a person exists and develops in society, in the group of people surrounding him, in accordance with its requirements, he changes his thoughts and behavior, experiences any feelings under the influence of interaction with other members of the group. However, all this happens due to the fact that, exchanging information and experiences with other people, getting to know them better, each person, one way or another, participates in communication.
The role and intensity of communication in modern society is constantly increasing. This is due to a number of reasons. First of all, an increase in the volume of information in society correspondingly leads to an increase in the intensity of information exchange. The increasing specialization of workers engaged in professional activities requires their cooperation and interaction in achieving goals. The number of technical means of information exchange (Internet, fax, e-mail, cellular communications, etc.) is increasing very quickly. In professional activities, there is an increase in the number of people involved in negotiation processes. For “person-to-person” professions, one of the components of their professional competence is communication competence.
But what does it mean to be able to communicate? This means being able to understand people and build your relationships with them on this basis, which presupposes knowledge of the psychology of communication.
The pragmatic J. Rockefeller, well understanding the importance of communication for business activities, said: “The ability to communicate with people is the same commodity bought for money, like sugar or coffee. And I am willing to pay more for this skill than for any other product in this world.”
The following aspects of the study of communication can be distinguished :
1. information and communication - communication is considered as a type of personal communication, during which information is exchanged;
2. interactional – communication is analyzed as the interaction of individuals in the process of cooperation;
3. epistemological – a person acts as a subject and object of social cognition;
4. axiological – the study of communication as a process of exchange of values;
5. normative – revealing the place and role of communication in the process of normative regulation of individual behavior, as well as the process of transferring and consolidating norms in everyday consciousness, the real functioning of behavioral stereotypes;
6. semiotic – communication acts as a specific sign system, on the one hand, and an intermediary in the functioning of various sign systems, on the other;
7. socio-practical – aspect of communication, where the process is considered as an exchange of activities, abilities, skills and abilities.
The art of interpersonal communication
Communication is a natural process. Under ideal circumstances, all people should have free contact with each other. But in reality, in real life, some individuals experience a fear of communication, which is called social phobia. In this case, the need for contact with other people is practically or completely absent. Often, such fear arises in adolescence, which is the most difficult stage in the life of any person.
If the first experience of conscious entry into society, the first communication with someone is negative, then in the future such a person will experience problems with interpersonal connections. This minimizes the need for conversations and conversations with others like oneself, often leads to isolation or creates a desire to avoid such “irritants,” that is, society as a whole. The importance of communication in human life cannot be overestimated. It is an art and skill that is acquired over the years. It is quite natural that a person’s communication skills depend not only on his personal characteristics, but also on the environment in which he was (is) at different stages of his life.
However, by following the rules of interpersonal communication, you can avoid many troubles:
- speak to another person in the way that you yourself consider best and only true;
- show respect to the person you are talking to;
- Express trust and understanding in the person you are talking to.
What happens without communication?
Fear of pain - what is this phobia?
You can explain why communication is so important using the example of the so-called “Mowgli children” raised by animals. Babies who were completely isolated from the human community at an early age developed normally only on the physical level. The psyche was significantly delayed in development and was never properly formed, even when specialists were intensively involved in the rehabilitation of children. The “Mowgli children” were never able to fully master human speech, achieve normal mental and personal development, or master the laws of life in society.
Mowgli syndrome is a terrible consequence of the lack of human communication
That is why every person needs communication with others like themselves, at least in childhood. Some people, due to their temperamental characteristics, communicate more, others less. Being in a social environment throughout the entire period of growing up, an individual masters all leading types of activities and types of communication, which turns him into a Human in the full sense of the word.
Following simple rules
As a rule, conversations with family, friends and relatives do not cause us any difficulties. We experience the strongest desire to talk with such people, especially since we know very well about their reaction to certain statements, remarks, news. The desire to communicate with strangers is not so high, but often it is forced and necessary. You need to talk to strangers only in a positive way, showing only positive qualities and character traits, being friendly. It is better to do this with a smile on your face, following the existing rules of communication. It is even more important that the phrases you say are appropriate.
Finally, we bring to your attention several effective recommendations for competently building interpersonal relationships and interacting with others:
- be sensitive and attentive to the inner world of your interlocutor;
- remember, everyone deserves respect;
- show interest in the interlocutor, find positive qualities in him;
- do not pay attention to minor shortcomings, everyone has them; there are no ideal people;
- develop your own sense of humor and self-irony.
What helps people communicate?
Daily communication between people
Naturally, the main tool of communication is our language and the ability to express our thoughts. Native speech, jargon, abbreviations, new buzzwords allow us to fully convey information.
In addition to traditional speech, there are other ways to convey information:
- Emotions;
- Facial expressions;
- Gestures;
- Body movements.
With just one movement, we are able to understand what the interlocutor wants to tell us.
The main thing is to pay attention and not miss this fleeting gesture. They are used when words can be heard by others or when it is impossible to communicate using speech. These nonverbal cues are part of our communication.
If we talk about character traits, it would be appropriate to name:
- Friendliness.
- Activity.
- Social Engagement.
- Tendency to make new acquaintances.
- Communication skills.
All of the above points push us to start a conversation.
It can be difficult for shy people to say “hello”, which is why it is so important to develop communication skills, they will always come in handy. A self-confident guy will easily approach the girl he likes, while a young man who is unsure of his abilities will hope for a lucky break. We are so different: 4 communicative types of people
