Self-analysis is a psychological technique that helps a person understand himself, study his own inner world, and understand the reasons for actions and reactions to certain life events. In self-analysis, a person’s existing experience, system of values and experiences plays a big role. But there are also obstacles that prevent high-quality self-analysis - projections, peculiarities of personal perception of facts, experiences.
Definition
Self-analysis is an analysis of one’s own experiences, actions, thoughts and needs. A person learns from the inside the depths of his own psyche and his inner world. Today, self-analysis is an integral part of psychotherapeutic and psychological work. Thanks to this process, it is possible to examine various types of neuroses and psychological traumas.
Very often, human memory refuses to accept and reproduce traumatic factors of the past. But apathy, melancholy and general dissatisfaction with life begin to put pressure on a person from all sides. This is how the psyche reacts to an event that the individual is unable to cope with. As a result, the psyche is divided into two parts, one of which goes into a “frozen” state, and the other tries to survive. And everything would be fine, but over time, psychosomatic disorders will begin to manifest themselves, and depression that suddenly appears out of nowhere will drive you into a dead end.
To return to a normal lifestyle, you need to work through old traumas and even completely harmless situations, after which unpleasant sensations could remain. This is where self-analysis comes into play.
Goals
During self-analysis, a feeling of resistance may arise that requires working through.
At such moments, it is important to understand that temporary deterioration is part of the process of self-discovery. During the disclosure of suppressed, traumatic situations, a person always feels anxiety
The main goal of introspection is to reveal emotions, needs and feelings previously hidden from consciousness. Only when confronted with the truth can a person free himself and begin to act.
In everyday life, self-analysis is needed primarily for self-realization. It helps you make responsible decisions and defend your positions.
Self-analysis of the lesson. Kinds
In pedagogy, it is customary to distinguish several types of lesson self-analysis. The samples for writing them have a similar basic structure, the only difference is in the description of the main component of the entire lesson.
So, what are they - the main types of introspection:
Brief. The teacher gives the lesson a general assessment, describing the goals, objectives and results of implementation.
Phased. Here you need to analyze each element of the lesson and their relationship with other stages of the lesson.
Structural-temporal. The teacher analyzes the amount of time spent on a particular stage of the lesson and rationalizes the use of the allotted time. He is trying to understand whether the homework check was delayed or whether little attention was devoted to the practical application of the acquired knowledge.
Combined. The teacher must evaluate the didactic goals of the lesson and its structural elements.
Didactic. This lesson self-reflection approach examines the methods and techniques used to achieve the didactic goal.
Aspectual. A detailed analysis of every aspect of the lesson is carried out. That is, the use of training materials, testing of knowledge, skills, abilities, etc.
Complete self-analysis. The teacher needs to conduct a didactic, aspect analysis, check the students’ knowledge of learning and evaluate the effectiveness of the lesson.
Psychological
An assessment is made of how much attention is paid to students and how individual work is progressing.
Complex. Consists of all the listed types of self-analysis of the lesson.
Methods
Since we have already figured out what introspection is, let’s start practicing.
To conduct this type of analysis, a special environment is required that allows a person to open up and sincerely tell himself or others about his thoughts about a particular life situation. The goal is to develop the ability of self-analysis in the individual. There are two ways to conduct self-analysis.
Through the game. You may be asked to conduct research through psychological tests, for example, to draw something on a piece of paper, and then the specialist makes assumptions about your personality based on the data from your drawing. Thanks to this type of activity, a person can discover something new in himself and think.
You can try to analyze your dreams yourself, because it is through dreams that the psyche makes itself felt, problems and experiences are revealed. This is due to the fact that during sleep a person does not control himself, and the dream that came to him at night almost always symbolizes some kind of internal conflict. To do this, enter data about your sleep where you always have the opportunity to “climb.” Once enough information has been entered (about 5-10 dreams), you can begin analytics. Analyze what kind of people you dream about, how you contact them, how you express yourself, pay attention to your surroundings. Do events repeat themselves in dreams? If the answer is “yes,” then there is an internal conflict in the psyche, to which you are not in a hurry to find a solution. Your task is to get to the truth and understand this conflict, understand and let go of the urgent problem.
Personal development can also be achieved through discussion. In this case, you can conduct self-analysis on your own, alone with yourself, or contact a specialist who, at the right moment, would give an impetus and guide you on the right path of development. You should be in a neutral state so as not to give life situations an exaggerated emotional overtones. Find out the causes of these circumstances, possible consequences and consequences.
Tasks
Each person who decides to attend self-analysis classes faces a number of specific tasks:
- Express yourself as fully and sincerely as possible.
- Try to understand unconscious driving forces and how they affect life.
- Learn to change attitudes that disrupt your relationship with yourself and the world around you.
Very often a person is faced with situations that force him to do something that he does not want at a particular moment. For example, you can often encounter an episode when a person succumbs to the persuasion of friends and goes to the cinema with them, although in fact at that particular moment he wants to read a book. It’s one thing if he promised to go to the cinema - his promises must be kept, even psychiatry gurus say this. And it’s completely different when a person follows the desires of other people. In this case, he abandons himself, his feelings and desires, which ultimately can turn into another psychosomatic disorder.
Practicing qualitative self-reflection
Look at your schedule, allocate a few hours of free time during the week, ideally let it be a whole evening, a whole day or half a day. An hour of time may not be enough, and if the practice is interrupted unfinished, then it simply will not make sense, so allocate time with a reserve. Finishing early will leave you with plenty of free time and inspiration to start taking action.
Next, determine a place where you can be completely alone, so that no one will disturb you at this time. Bring a notepad and pen with you. Turn off your phone, social networks, internet, computer, TV, etc. Nothing should distract you at this moment, no external interference with your thoughts.
Put your brain in the alpha state. To do this, calm down, try to turn off the internal dialogue, relax, and just try to feel a state of joy, remember the happiest moments in your life. Next, strengthen this state of joy and calmness, and then turn off the internal dialogue and memories again. Simply allow physical and mental peace to flow throughout your entire body. Next, move on to questions.
Self-study and its methods
To begin with, it is worth understanding that self-study is the study of the unconscious in oneself.
You yourself act as a patient and a specialist, for example, a psychotherapist. The question arises: is it possible that a person himself, with his complexes, shortcomings and resistances, could objectively study himself and his character? The answer is simple - not only is it possible, but it is the basis of psychotherapy. Without working on yourself, it is impossible for a specific person to get help from anyone. Another question arises: which method of self-analysis is best to choose, which one is better? And also the answer is quite simple. There is no better school for personality self-diagnosis, there is your desire, and nothing more. Of course, there are many schools, and the main thing in them is not the method or school itself, but the ability to convey knowledge to a person and encourage him to achieve harmony with himself.
Here it is worth mentioning the school of Freud and the neo-Freudians. Recently, this direction of studying the unconscious from quite specific positions has become fashionable. I think we should trust neither the Freudians nor the neo-Freudians any more than other schools. Undoubtedly, sexual attraction plays a significant role on the personality and its actions, but it is unlikely that this role is the dominant one. But here, as they say, it’s a matter of taste.
An example from my life
During my school years, I played sports, often watched sports stars on TV, and wanted to become the same. I was also attracted by the way famous musicians and actors are greeted; many people recognize them, want to take a photo as a souvenir, and often ask for an autograph. Then it seemed to me that striving for fame was my personal desire, and therefore it did not leave me for a long time even after school. I wanted to become a rich and famous person, but fame attracted me more.
Over time, I noticed that the desire to become rich increased, and the desire for fame became less. But later I understood why this happened.
As I later realized, I was attracted not by fame itself, but by the opportunities it brings. Later, I was attracted to the idea of becoming rich, but my true desire was to gain the opportunities that wealth brings. This is comfort, safety, a sense of calm.
What is a good life?
Probably, when most modern people hear the word “learn to live,” they think of “live well, become rich,” and so on. But that's not true. Or rather, not quite like that. Wealth, fame and other illusory elements of “the height of happiness” turn out to be not so happy after all. Quite the opposite. All this makes a person’s life so difficult that most rich people dream of being happy. Because they are definitely not identical to each other.
The psychological aspect of the attitude towards what is called “happiness” is a thing so deep and individual that it is quite difficult to describe it.
My task is not to give everyone happiness, my task is for you to find it yourself with my help. And to do this, you must first find yourself.
A professional psychotherapist, coaching or psychologist does not teach a person methods of increasing intelligence, talent and abilities. And so that the person himself can make himself more intelligent, talented or capable
And the objective level is not important here - what matters here is how much you yourself evaluate this level and how much your level will help you become happy, live in harmony with yourself
Definitions of self-knowledge
A number of definitions of the concept of self-knowledge are presented in the philosophical and scientific literature. Self-knowledge means :
- knowledge of one’s Self in its individuality, conditions and methods of reaction characteristic only of it, in the inclinations and abilities, strengths and limits of one’s own Self;
- a complex and multi-level process of knowing oneself as a subject of activity and communication, constructing and correcting the image of the Self, filling the individual’s self-awareness with content;
- a dynamic, high-quality, integrative process of a person’s self-concept, unfolded in time, aimed at knowing oneself as a subject of activity and communication, characterizing a motivational and value-based attitude towards mastering a system of knowledge about oneself, one’s psychophysical and morphofunctional capabilities, their creative use for self-development and self-improvement.
Benefit
Self-analysis of the lesson helps the teacher look at the work from the outside, evaluate the pros and cons of his teaching activity. This is a kind of reflection that helps to highlight unaccounted for reserves, develop your own pedagogical style and form a professional credo.
Here everything happens exactly the same as in psychology. Only now the teacher needs to ask not “Who am I?”, but “What is the purpose of my actions?” Having decided on it, you can find effective ways to achieve it. Self-analysis is necessary for every person to become a better person. Only by realizing his abilities will he stop reshaping others to suit his ideas and become truly free, successful and happy, which, in fact, will be reflected in his professional activities.
Study of work activity
A person always strives to do exactly what he likes. Ideally, his hobby turns into a highly paid work activity.
Through self-analysis of work, an individual fuels interest in his type of activity and inspires others. After understanding the importance of his calling, he receives a dose of inspiration and the harmony everyone needs, and develops an incentive to continue to develop.
There is a huge collection of similar articles on the Internet, where teachers, doctors and other representatives of professions talk about their thoughts about their work. If you wish, you can read or write your own.
Your feelings are the key
Let's get back to the basics of self-analysis. The main thing in the method of self-study of your subconscious is to reduce resistance as much as possible.
You must try to forget about your habits and addictions, treat yourself as if you were another person. You need to forget your feelings at the moment, and concentrate on your feelings earlier, at some specific moment
Your desire is important here. The higher the desire to comprehend oneself, the less resistance there should be
For example, you are experiencing suffering from breaking up with someone who was once close to you. You cannot fully sleep, work, communicate, and your thoughts are directed only at this.
In order to understand what happened to you, you must calm down and remember your feelings for this person who was once close to you at different stages. Remember how you felt when he gave you flowers, when you watched an interesting movie together, when you first quarreled because of your flirting at a party with your acquaintance. Remember how you read horoscopes and one of the horoscopes inspired you that you are supposedly “Aquarius”, and your loved one is “Cancer”, therefore “Aquarius” always flirts, and “Cancer” is closed and these two “signs” are incompatible. If you honestly and objectively try to conduct self-analysis, remember the words of your mother about your loved one. Remember that, in fact, you didn’t want to flirt with an acquaintance at a party, but the horoscope simply obliged you to behave in full accordance with your “sign”.
Go deeper into yourself:
- How did you feel when you first met?
- Fear of loneliness?
- Fear of appearing fat?
- Fear of bad breath in the morning when you got up later than usual and didn’t have time to brush your teeth?
- What were your feelings when you were alone for the first time?
Resistance and your Self will definitely send you on the wrong track and force you to reject your attempt at introspection. Yes, your loved one is definitely overly jealous. After all, he must enter into your position, recognize your freedom.
Now imagine everything you felt in those moments, but from the point of view of an outside observer. How would you feel about another girl who openly flirts with an acquaintance at a party, knowing in advance that her significant other does not like it. And you will probably see that your behavior was not just ugly, but inappropriate and inappropriate. That your behavior was provoked by the nonsense that people invent and call “horoscope”. That these “horoscopes” contradict each other, because they are nothing more than a human invention due to fantasy and marketing...
We have superficially examined only the very first method of self-analysis of oneself and one’s behavior, and have given a superficial look at self-study. So that you understand what it is and in which direction you should go.
Next, we will consider with you what methods for self-analysis exist and what to choose specifically for you.
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Setting goals: what does self-deception have to do with it?
Self-deception is one of the forms of psychological defense of the individual.
American psychoanalyst and psychotherapist Roy Schaefer, in his work “A New Language for Psychoanalysis,” describes self-deception as a way of “unconscious defense” against unpleasant or shame-inducing experiences (discoveries). Through self-deception, a person strives to look better both in his own eyes and in the eyes of society. This is what prevents him from subsequently setting goals correctly. Sometimes, in order to meet his own expectations and the views of society, a person takes a position that is absolutely unfavorable for himself: he begins to do what he does not like, takes on too difficult tasks, and does not allow himself to stop and rest. “Self-deception” itself is an unscientific expression, much like “toxicity.” Under the label of self-deception are several different strategies of action.
Constant employment syndrome
When a person plunges headlong into work, and if he does not have the opportunity to work, he procrastinates.
Such workaholism helps to distract from strong shocks (for example, from separation, illness and loss of loved ones). “Work leaves no time for depression,” while it may not bring pleasure, but will simply begin to eat up time in life, which would otherwise be filled with pain or anxiety. How to cope? Recognize the source of real anxiety and face it head on. If the cause of this condition is stress, then you need to end the stress cycle, go through it like through a tunnel. You may need specialist help.
Denial of reality
“I’m a good specialist, I don’t need additional education, and it doesn’t matter at all that my industry is constantly developing” is an example of denying reality.
Some people believe that admitting their own shortcomings or asking for new skills will make them less respected and less professional. However, it is not. Remember: by asking for help and admitting your own shortcomings, you open up new points of growth for yourself as an individual and professional.
Rationalization
“If I liked this job, the results would be better, but for now I’m just gaining experience, and I won’t find a better offer” - smacks of desperation that any person can face. Some will confidently step into the unknown and go looking for a new job, while others who are less decisive (which is also normal!) will begin to explain their presence in a job they don’t like. Rationalization, like bubble wrap, wraps around unpleasant facts so that they do not stick out too much and traumatize us once again.
Projection
When a person blames unpleasant circumstances not on himself and external circumstances, but on the people around him. “My parents told me to go study to become a doctor, but I wanted to become an illustrator of children’s books”—that’s roughly what the projection sounds like. But responsibility for a person’s decisions will always lie with him, and often at the bottom of such self-deception lies an unwillingness to take it upon himself.
Violation of obligations “on credit”
For example, a person decides to run every morning, but skips training, promising to catch up next time.
Run twice as far, give up sweets “as punishment.” If he fails to fulfill a new commitment, he experiences frustration. Often this condition occurs due to an initially too high bar. It is important to set goals and objectives for yourself, focusing only on your own state, without looking at other people’s attitudes.
Inspired by the goal itself, a person begins to live in an ideal picture and forgets about real actions. Robin Tanner, a marketing professor at the University of Wisconsin School of Business, said that people imagine their future as ideal and believe that one day they will have much more time and energy to accomplish everything they plan. They are waiting for the right moment, but it may not come, because the person himself has not taken a single step towards it.
In the process of self-deception, a person not only ends up in an illusory world, but also creates an imaginary better version of himself. As a result, he does not accept his true self, does not listen to himself, sets false goals, does not enjoy his work and does not strive to realize himself.
A qualitative analysis of yourself begins with the recognition of your true desires, and not those imposed from the outside or built in accordance with an ideal picture. To achieve your goals, you need to discard illusions and work with yourself in the present. Therefore, first of all, you need to learn not to deceive yourself.
Algorithms
It is not always necessary to analyze every aspect of a lesson. Much depends on the purpose for which the lesson was held: whether it was a festival, a lesson held as part of a week on a subject, or a lesson for a category. Self-analysis can be compiled based on simple algorithms of actions. For example, you can be guided by the following positions:
- What is the pedagogical credo and how do lessons help you reflect it?
- Explain the choice of lesson content and technology for conducting the lesson.
- What methods and techniques were used in the lesson, evaluate their effectiveness.
- What worked and didn’t work out.
- What could be changed during the lesson. Are these changes necessary and why?
Professor
Introspection is what most people perceive as depressive introspection. Although in reality this is a process that allows you to understand who a person really is
Is it important? Very much, because we know practically nothing about ourselves
One day, a professor was lecturing to students and, upon entering the classroom, immediately asked the question: “Who am I?” The students didn't know what to answer. The most daring of those present began to make assumptions: “professor”, “scientist”, “man”, “person”, etc. Some of the especially savvy ones brazenly declared that the professor was a nobody. When the options ran out, the professor explained that these were nothing more than the roles he played in society.
Each person has many roles: to be a parent, director, man (woman), etc. But this is not the person himself. If you start to sift out these roles that you have to play every day, then it is likely that underneath them the person will turn out to be a nobody. In order not to end up as an empty place with a certain role set, you need to learn to ask yourself questions and find answers. The simple question “Who am I?”, which rarely anyone thinks about, is the essence of self-analysis. This is a process that helps a person understand who he really is.
Self-analysis of the lesson on the Federal State Educational Standard. Sample
Beginning teachers often struggle when it comes to charting out lesson self-reflection and writing it. Therefore, it would not be amiss to provide a sample of self-analysis, or rather, a plan according to which it can be written:
- Indicate the topic of the lesson.
- Provide a brief description of the class. That is, indicate the total number of children, the number of strong and weak students, what psychological characteristics of the students were taken into account during the lesson.
- Indicate the type of lesson according to the Federal State Educational Standard.
- Indicate the universal learning activities (ULA) planned for the lesson and the methods for their formation.
- List the methods and forms chosen for each educational stage. Describe why this choice was made and what results were expected from it.
- Formulate the main stage of the lesson and how other parts of the lesson work towards it.
- Analyze the rationality of allocating time.
- What visual and didactic materials were used during the lesson.
- Monitor the level of learning knowledge (at what stage of the lesson was conducted and in what form).
- Evaluate the result of the lesson. Were the goals achieved? What is the reason for possible difficulties?
